DEFINITION OF SAFETY AND SAFETY EQUIPMENT IN INDUSTRIAL FACTORIES

 Is that the meaning of a safety in an industrial factory ...?

The meaning of the word safety in short is safety at work.

The broad meaning of safety is a condition that is safe, healthy, safe and comfortable in a daily activity carried out by every human being.

Every human being is certain and cannot be denied that he wants the presence of safety in himself in every day-to-day activity, whether it's activities indoors or outdoors. Because with safety conditions it will be able to guarantee a person to always carry out daily activities with routine.

To achieve safety in carrying out an action, activity or job, everyone always protects himself from accidents or potential hazards by using or wearing safety equipment.

Meanwhile, safety equipment is a means or tool that is used by a person as self-protection or personal protection from an accident or potential hazard while doing activities or work.

The functions of safety equipment are as follows:

• Protect the limbs directly from the potential danger.
• Provides a sense of security and comfort and confidence for the wearer when doing work activities.
• Reducing excessive pain or injury when we experience an accident that cannot be avoided.

Meanwhile, the types of safety equipment or tools commonly used by workers in industrial plants are as follows:

• Shoes: Serve as lower leg protectors, usually these shoes are equipped with an iron toe with the aim of securing the toes when there is a potential danger of being hit by a heavy object, protecting from the potential danger of being pinched by an object, protecting from the potential danger of tripping over an object, etc. .
• Helmet or hat: Serves as a head protector to protect the head from the potential danger of falling objects, protects from potential collisions, protects from the potential danger of hitting hard objects, etc.
• Gloves: Serve as a hand protector to protect the hands and fingers from potential pinched hands, protect from heat, protect from potential hand abrasions, protect from potential hitting hazards, etc.
• Work uniforms: Serve as body armor, to protect the limbs from potential dust hazards, protect from hot and cold potential hazards, Protect from potential hazards of dirt, whether liquid, solid or powder, Protects from potential irritation hazards, etc.
• Masks: Serve as respiratory protectors, to protect the respiratory organs from the entry of dust and pungent odors from production materials from the work area through the nose or respiratory tract.

Even though we have used or used safety equipment, it does not mean that we are guaranteed to avoid work accidents, because when we do activities or work that are at risk there is always a potential hazard around us that can cause or invite work accidents at work.

Potential danger is a gap or opportunity for danger that can arise or arise unexpectedly at any time and in any place that can lead to a work accident in the workplace.

Meanwhile, the potential danger can arise due to 2 factors as follows;

1) Unsafe conditions in the workplace (Unsafe Condition)

The meaning of an unsafe condition in the workplace area or Unsafe Condition is a condition or situation that occurs and is in the work area or activity area that has the potential to cause danger or work accidents that cause injury to a worker or someone in the work area.

In addition to the condition or condition of the work area, it turns out that the area or workplace itself also has the potential for a work accident to occur for workers or people around the work area.

The definition of a work area is a place where someone works or does an activity or does a job.

A condition or condition of the work area that can cause potential hazards in the work area is as follows:

a) No neat arrangement of goods or work tools in the work area.

This can cause a potential hazard, such as a bump on the limb, an object scratched at the limb, etc.

The handling method is as follows:

• Organize neatly the condition of the items according to the size of the goods.
• Group the size of the goods according to length and short size.
• Group similar items both in function and form
• Do not put items such as machine parts, work tools or other items in places that interfere with work activities.

b) Unclean work area which is caused by the large number of unused items.

This can cause potential hazards such as tripping over an object, falling on an object, a fire, causing a fire hazard, etc.

The ways of handling are as follows:

• Remove unused items from the work area.
• Save the used items back in the goods storage area.
• Do not put foreign items in the work area.
• Do not litter or litter in the work area.

c) The existence of work tools that do not fit in the amount of storage or do not fit in the place in storage.

This can cause a potential danger of limb being pinched by objects, limbs being crushed by objects, the potential for a fire hazard causing a fire, etc.

The ways of handling are as follows:

• Do not put goods or work tools that do not fit their function in the work place or area.
• Make sure if you put items in the work area, you have to have the right items, the right place and the right amount as needed.

d) There are machine parts that are not fit for use or damaged in the work area.

This can cause a potential hazard to be befallen workers, trip over by workers, bump into workers, etc.

The ways of handling are as follows:

• Immediately make repairs to damaged engine parts.
• Immediately replace machine parts that are not feasible.

e) The condition of the work area is slippery because of the large amount of oil, oil, grease, water and other types of fluids.

This work area can have potential hazards such as people slipping, people falling and sprinkling, the danger of a fire causing a fire, etc.

The handling is as follows:

• Clean the slippery work area first before doing the main job, so that when we work it is safe and comfortable.
• Protect flammable materials such as oil and grease in the work area or remove these materials to a safer place.
• After the work area is clean of oil, grease and other types of oil, the next step is to install a blue sheet or plastic tarpaulin or the like for use as work mats, workpieces and work tools.

f) The condition of the work area at an altitude.

This work area can cause a potential hazard for people or workers to fall from a height, danger of falling limbs, etc.

The handling is as follows:

• Use a safety belt or body hardness that is attached to a guide or similar pole to protect the limb from falling from a height.
• Install guards around the work area at high altitude to prevent workers from falling into danger.

g) Conditions work area is narrow and closed.

This work area can cause potential hazards such as the presence of workers who are deprived of oxygen or the potential danger of asphyxiation, the potential danger of being pinched, the potential danger of dehydration, etc.

The handling is as follows;

• Make sure you are not alone when working in a narrow area. Make sure there are coworkers standing by in the area who can supervise workers' work.
• Use safety equipment associated with narrow and dark work areas such as flashlights, rope, oxygen cylinders, etc.

h) Condition of the work area which is dusty and smells strong.

This work area can cause potential hazards such as inhalation of dust and odors so as to damage the respiratory tract, potentially dangerous to eye irritation so as to damage the sense of sight, etc.

The ways of handling are as follows:

• Use a safety device in the form of a mask to prevent dust and odors from getting into your respiratory tract.
• Use safety tools in the form of glasses to protect your eyesight from dust or smoke.

i) Conditions of the work area that contain radiation substances.

This work area can cause a potential risk of limb exposure to radiation which can damage the limb such as infertility, hair loss, skin irritation, vision damage, etc.

The ways of handling are as follows:

• Ensure Work outside a safe radius from radiation exposure points.
• Using radiation exposure recording equipment for operators or workers who work in the radiation area every day.
• Take On the Job Training specifically about working in the radiation area.

j) Condition of the work area which stores flammable materials.

This work area can cause a potential fire hazard resulting in fire, the danger can cause skin irritation effects on workers, dangerous to the worker's reproductive system, dangerous to the surrounding environment such as environmental pollution, etc.

The ways of handling are as follows:

• Use safety equipment in the form of glasses, masks and special gloves.
• Do not start a fire in the area where combustible materials are stored.
• If a flammable material leaks, then immediately clean the leak before polluting the environment or causing other work accidents.

k) The condition of the work area which is a special room as a power plant,

This work area can present a potential electric shock hazard.

The ways of handling are as follows;

• Do not touch high voltage electrical parts or other electrical power.
• Use standard safety equipment such as shoes and gloves.

2) Insecure Action by a Worker During Activities (Unsafe Action)

The purpose of being unsafe in acting during activities or Unsafe Action is an action or act performed by a worker that is unsafe or invites potential harm to the worker's personal condition which could lead to a work accident.

Such unsafe actions or actions at work can result in potential harm to the worker's personal self or to other people around him.

Examples of unsafe actions or actions by workers in the work area are as follows:

a) Workers do not use personal protective equipment when doing work.

This can potentially cause hazards according to the type of work. Because each type of work has different types of personal protective equipment. 

This can create a potential hazard of falling from a height, being exposed to sparks, being hit, pinched, etc.

Personal protective equipment or PPE is a work equipment that is used to protect the limbs from the potential hazards arising from the work we do.

The ways of handling are as follows:

• Always use personal protective equipment (PPE) that is in accordance with the job job when doing work either indoors or outdoors.
• Use personal protective equipment properly and properly according to their respective functions.

b) Workers do not work according to the basic rules or basic rules of working according to their type of work.

Every type of work is different, there are different basic rules or basic rules in work so that the potential danger it causes is different. This can cause a potential hazard of being pinched, rolled, electrocuted, hit, etc.

Basic rules are the basic rules of work that govern the ways of working or the sequence of work systems in doing a job.

The ways of handling are as follows;

• Always work according to standard basic rules or work order of doing work.
• Do not make your own basic rules beyond the standard basic work rules that have been set in every job job

c) Workers do not care about the conditions of the work area which are inadequate for work.

The work area with the working conditions at the time of work is different so it must require different treatment. This can result in a potential hazard of slipping, bumping, being crushed, falling, etc.

Inadequate work area conditions are conditions of the work area that are uncomfortable and unsafe to do a job.

The ways of handling are as follows:

• Make sure the work area is in a safe and comfortable condition before we do work, both in terms of clean and tidy.
• Protect or remove flammable materials before carrying out fire-intensive work such as welding and cutting.
• Protect product materials from damage while we are doing work.

d) Workers do not put a Danger Tag or stop machine identity tag on the machine operation panel when making repairs on the machine.

This could have the potential for the danger of other people being able to operate the machine without the knowledge of the worker who is doing the job so that the worker can get a work accident, such as being pinched, rolled up, etc.

The ways of handling are as follows:

• Before doing work, make sure the machine is stopped or turned off.
• Put the dangerouse tag or identity tag on the main operation panel of the machine, which means that the condition of the machine is prohibited from being operated by anyone.
• Inform all members that the engine has stopped due to repairs.

e) Workers do not use work aids properly or do not use work aids in accordance with the function of the aids.

This could have the potential for the danger of workers being injured by work aids or injured by objects of work. For example, workers are crushed by iron to be installed, because workers do not use chain block tools so workers can be crushed by the iron.

Workers use a rope that is small in size, because the object's load is too heavy, the rope can break so that the load can fall on the worker etc.

The ways of handling are as follows;

• Use work tools properly and properly according to their function.
• Understand how work aids work if you don't understand how these tools work.
• Do not use tools that might endanger the work and the workers themselves.

f) Workers do not do yubisasikosyo or make sure with their fingers pointing at the object to be worked on, that the object to be worked on is in a safe condition or not to do the job both in terms of safe areas and in terms of objects to be worked on are also safe.

This can cause a potential hazard due to negligence of a worker.

The ways of handling are as follows;

• Always make sure to point out important things before and after doing work, this is to ensure that nothing is missing or something is wrong.
• Check back the work results after doing the job whether according to plan or not.

g) Workers do not comply with standard usage in wearing work uniforms or work equipment.

This can cause potential hazards such as untidy or untidy uniforms that have the potential for the clothes to roll up to the engine rotation, helmet straps that are not tied will have the potential for the danger of easily releasing the helmet so that the head is hit by a hard object.

When wearing work shoes that are not correct so that the potential for the shoes to fall off easily and workers can slip, Workers do not wear socks so that the feet are potentially unprotected and can be exposed to welding sparks or liquids,

Workers do not use belt belts, so there is a potential danger that work pants can come off and catch rotating objects.

When workers wear long-sleeved shirts and the cuffs are not buttoned, there is a potential danger that the ends of the shirt can be rolled up by rotating objects.

The ways of handling are as follows;

• Use work uniforms according to standard use and function.

h) Workers have long hair.

This can create a potential hazard and lead to work accidents as long hair can be pulled or curled up by rotating objects such as conveyors.

The ways of handling are as follows:

• Make sure the hair is not long or long.
• Always protect your head with safety equipment such as a helmet or hat while working.
• Make sure to be careful and alert when working in a rotating area.

i) Workers use personal accessories.

Personal accessories such as necklaces, bracelets, rings, etc. can cause potential hazards that can lead to work accidents.

These accessories can get stuck in machine objects so that it can result in work accidents for the wearer.

Make sure that when doing work, you do not use personal accessories other than work uniforms standardized by the company.

This is a review of safety along with the application of safety equipment to support work that is safe, comfortable and avoiding work accidents.